Penegakan Hukum atas Kejahatan Siber Bermodus Pesan Whatsapp dalam Sektor Perbankan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59011/vjlaws.5.2.2026.374-385Keywords:
Law Enforcement, Crime, WhatsApp-Based Cybercrime, BankingAbstract
The rapid advancement of digital information and communication technology has significantly transformed banking services by enabling customers to conduct financial transactions through electronic platforms with greater efficiency, accessibility, and convenience. Despite these benefits, technological developments have also created opportunities for cybercrime, particularly through the misuse of WhatsApp as a medium for fraudulent activities targeting banking customers. This phenomenon raises important legal issues concerning the regulatory framework governing digital communication via WhatsApp and the effectiveness of law enforcement mechanisms in addressing cybercrime that results in financial losses for banking customers. Accordingly, this study examines two principal issues: (1) the legal regulation governing the use of WhatsApp digital messaging in relation to cybercrime within the banking sector; and (2) the implementation of law enforcement against perpetrators of WhatsApp-based cybercrime that causes customer losses. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches to analyze relevant legal principles and regulations. The findings demonstrate that the legal framework governing cybercrime is primarily established under the Law on Electronic Information and Transactions, the Personal Data Protection Law, the Indonesian Criminal Code, and various regulations concerning the banking sector. Law enforcement is implemented through the imposition of criminal penalties and monetary fines aimed at providing legal certainty and deterrence. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of law enforcement remains constrained by several challenges, including limited public awareness of cyber threats, technological limitations in digital investigations, and difficulties in identifying and prosecuting cybercrime perpetrators operating through electronic communication platforms.
References
Aini, Almira Qurrotul. “Perlindungan Hukum Nasabah dalam Kasus Pembobolan Rekening Bank di Indonesia.” Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu Akademik 1, no. 6 (2024): 165–172. https://doi.org/10.61722/jmia.v1i6.2891.
Bafadhal, Oemar Madri. “Komunikasi Ritual Penggunaan Aplikasi WhatsApp: Studi Konsumsi Berita Lewat Group WhatsApp.” Jurnal Komunikasi Indonesia 6, no. 1 (2017): 49–56. https://doi.org/10.7454/jki.v6i1.8628.
Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision. Basel: Bank for International Settlements, 2024.
Bruce, Miranda, Jonathan Lusthaus, Ridhi Kashyap, Nigel Phair, and Federico Varese. “Mapping the Global Geography of Cybercrime with the World Cybercrime Index.” PLOS ONE 19, no. 4 (2024): e0297312. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297312.
Bupu, Angela Gabriela, Karolus Kopong Medan, and Heryanto Amalo. “Analisis Yuridis Cyber Crime Pembobolan Dana Nasabah pada Aplikasi Mobile Banking dengan Modus Pembobolan Jalur Undangan Pernikahan Palsu.” Hakim: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Sosial 2, no. 2 (2024): 367–383. https://doi.org/10.51903/hakim.v2i2.1829.
Butarbutar, Russel. “Kejahatan Siber Terhadap Individu: Jenis, Analisis, dan Perkembangannya.” Technology and Economics Law Journal 2, no. 2 (2023). https://doi.org/10.21143/TELJ.vol2.no2.1043.
Cele and Kwenda. “Do Cybersecurity Threats and Risks Have an Impact on the Adoption of Digital Banking? A Systematic Literature Review.” Journal of Financial Crime 32, no. 1 (2025): 31–48. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-10-2023-0263.
Ekaputra, Mohammad, and Abdul Khair. Sistem Pidana di Dalam KUHP dan Pengaturannya Menurut Konsep KUHP Baru. Medan: USU Press, 2010.
Fredman, Sandra. “Substantive Equality Revisited.” International Journal of Constitutional Law 14, no. 3 (2016): 712–738. https://doi.org/10.1093/icon/mow043.
Hermansyah. Hukum Perbankan Nasional Indonesia. 3rd ed. Jakarta: Prenada Media, 2020.
INTERPOL. Asia and South Pacific Cyberthreat Assessment Report 2024. Lyon: International Criminal Police Organization, 2024.
Khiaonarong, Tanai, and Shanyuan Zheng. “The Rise of Cyber Events and Digital Fraud in the Financial Sector.” IMF Working Papers 2026, no. 062 (2026). https://doi.org/10.5089/9798229043557.001.
Kosasih, Johannes Ibrahim, and Hassanain Haykal. Kasus Hukum Notaris di Bidang Kredit Perbankan. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2021.
Lestari, Desak Nyoman Ayu Melbi, Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi Dewi, and I. B. Gede Agustya Mahaputra. “Penerapan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang ITE dalam Tindak Pidana Penipuan Love Scam.” Jurnal Analogi Hukum 5, no. 1 (2023): 120–125. https://doi.org/10.22225/ah.5.1.2023.120-125.
Loughlin, Martin. “The Rule of Law: A Slogan in Search of a Concept.” Hague Journal on the Rule of Law 16 (2024): 509–523. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40803-024-00224-5.
Marsilindo, Rizky Pratama Putra Karo-Karo, and Bambang Widarto. “Penggunaan Alat Bukti Digital dalam Pembuktiian Tindak Pidana Siber di Pengadilan Indonesia.” Judge: Jurnal Hukum 6, no. 8 (2026): 1527–1538. https://doi.org/10.54209/judge.v6i08.2213.
Pattiruhu, Fransisca Jallie. Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan. Yogyakarta: Deepublish, 2024.
Putra, I Made Aditya Mantara. “Tanggungjawab Hukum Bank Terhadap Nasabah dalam Hal Terjadinya Kegagalan Transaksi pada Sistem Mobile Banking.” Kertha Wicaksana 14, no. 2 (2020): 132–138. https://doi.org/10.22225/kw.14.2.1921.132-138.
Sitorus, Angelia Pratiwi Mastiurlani Christina, and Agustinus Astono. “Aplikasi Whatsapp Bajakan sebagai Ancaman Kejahatan Siber di Indonesia.” Arus Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora 4, no. 1 (2024): 157–162. https://doi.org/10.57250/ajsh.v4i1.355.
Sulistyandari, Sulistyandari, Ulil Afwa, Putri Ayu Sutrisno, and Rohaida Nordin. “Implementation of Prudential Banking Principles: State Responsibility in Combating Banking Crimes in Indonesia.” Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Konstitusi 7, no. 2 (2024): 341–359. https://doi.org/10.24090/volksgeist.v7i2.12132.
Sutarli, Ananta Fadli, and Shelly Kurniawan. “Peranan Pemerintah Melalui Undang-Undang Perlindungan Data Pribadi dalam Menanggulangi Phishing di Indonesia.” Innovative: Journal of Social Science Research 3, no. 2 (2023): 4208–4221. https://j-innovative.org/index.php/Innovative/article/view/760.
Syahrum, Muhammad. Pengantar Metodologi Penelitian Hukum: Kajian Penelitian Normatif, Empiris, Penulisan Proposal, Laporan Skripsi dan Tesis. Jambi: CV. DOTPLUS Publisher, 2022.
Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945.
Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2022 tentang Perlindungan Data Pribadi.
Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2024 tentang Perubahan Kedua atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik.
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana.
Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 71 Tahun 2019 tentang Penyelenggara Sistem dan Transaksi Elektronik.
Waliullah, Md., Md Zahin Hossain George, Md Tarek Hasan, Md Khorshed Alam, Mosa Sumaiya Khatun Munira, and Noor Alam Siddiqui. “Assessing the Influence of Cybersecurity Threats and Risks on the Adoption and Growth of Digital Banking: A Systematic Literature Review.” arXiv (2025). https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.22710.
Wang, Xin. “Global (Re-)Framing of Cybercrime: An Emerging Common Interest in Flux of Competing Normative Powers?” Leiden Journal of International Law 38, no. 2 (2025): 235–261. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0922156524000402.
Wulandari, Ida Ayu Sintya, I Wayan Rideng, and Luh Putu Suryani. “Sanksi Pidana dalam Tindak Pidana Pemilu terkait dengan Asas Lex Specialis Derogate Legi Generali.” Jurnal Konstruksi Hukum 4, no. 3 (2023): 354–359. https://doi.org/10.22225/jkh.4.3.8060.354-359.
Zia, Muhammad Fahad, and Sri Harish Kalidass. “Web Phishing Net (WPN): A Scalable Machine Learning Approach for Real-Time Phishing Campaign Detection.” arXiv (2025). https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.13171.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 I Gede Krisna Dana Yasa, Johannes Ibrahim Kosasih, I Made Aditya Mantara Putra
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
