Implementasi Upaya Eksekusi terhadap Kewajiban Nafkah Anak Pasca Perceraian (Studi Pengadilan Agama Medan)

Authors

  • Muhammad Zaky Alfathan Program Studi Hukum, Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum, Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan 20371, Indonesia
  • Uswatun Hasanah Program Studi Hukum, Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum, Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan 20371, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7708-9704

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59011/vjlaws.5.4.2026.781-796

Keywords:

Child Support, Divorce, Civil Law, Best Interests of the Child, Enforcement

Abstract

Communal life is a fundamental component of human existence, particularly within the family. Divorce, however, raises concerns regarding children's rights, particularly the obligation to provide child support to meet essential needs, including food, education, medical care, and balanced development. In practice, enforcement of post-divorce child support obligations does not always achieve the expected results. This research aims to analyze the legal framework and implementation of enforcement measures for post-divorce child support obligations through a case study at the Medan Religious Court and to identify factors hindering their enforcement. This research employs a case study approach using a socio-legal (empirical-juridical) method. Data were collected through analysis of applicable laws, legal standards, and principles, as well as interviews and observations involving judges, court clerks, legal counsel, legal practitioners, and case parties at the Medan Religious Court. The findings indicate that obstacles to enforcing child support decisions arise from internal and external factors. Internal factors include the limited authority of judges to compel compliance and enforcement procedures characterized by excessive formalism and prolonged timelines. External factors include limited legal awareness, adverse economic conditions, bad faith of the obligor, and inadequate monitoring mechanisms. These obstacles hinder the effective protection of children's rights after divorce and demonstrate challenges in ensuring compliance with court-ordered child support obligations.

References

Bediona, Kornelis Antonius Ada, Muhamad Rafly Falah Herliansyah, Randi Hilman Nurjaman, and Dzulfikri Syarifuddin. “Analisis Teori Perlindungan Hukum Menurut Philipus M Hadjon Dalam Kaitannya Dengan Pemberian Hukuman Kebiri Terhadap Pelaku Kejahatan Seksual.” Das Sollen: Jurnal Kajian Kontemporer Hukum dan Masyarakat 2, no. 1 (2024).

Darajat, Ulfah Alfiyah, Muhammad Nabhani, and Mukaramah Harun. “Reconstructing the Enforcement Model of Child Maintenance Rights after Divorce in Indonesia.” Bulletin of Islamic Law 2, no. 2 (2025). https://doi.org/10.51278/bil.v2i2.1993.

Dini, Brenda Anastadhea Ayundira, and Alfatika Aunuriella. “Pelindungan Hukum Bagi Anak di Bawah Umur Atas Hak Nafkah dari Ayah Pasca Putusan Perceraian (Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor 589/Pdt.G/2022/PA.Smn).” Viva Justicia: Journal of Private Law 1, no. 2 (2025).

Fahmi, Muhammad Ariful, and Dzulkifli Hadi Imawan. “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pemenuhan Nafkah Anak Murtad Pasca Perceraian: Kajian Putusan 428/Pdt.G/2021/PA.Sgta.” Jurnal Yudisial 17, no. 2 (2024): 209–224. https://doi.org/10.29123/jy.v17i2.618.

Fuah, Marfuah. “Efektivitas dan Fungsi Hukum dalam Masyarakat Perspektif Filsafat Hukum.” Desiderata Law Review 1, no. 2 (2024): 35–44. https://doi.org/10.25299/dlr.2024.19711.

Hadjon, Philipus M. Perlindungan Hukum bagi Rakyat di Indonesia: Sebuah Studi tentang Prinsip-Prinsipnya, Penanganannya oleh Pengadilan dalam Lingkungan Peradilan Umum dan Pembentukan Peradilan Administrasi Negara. Surabaya: Bina Ilmu, 1987.

Hamdia, Muhamad Amin, and Juhriati. “Perlindungan Hukum Preventif dan Represif terhadap Hak Anak dalam Sengketa Hadhanah.” As-Syar’i: Jurnal Bimbingan & Konseling Keluarga 8, no. 2 (2026): 941–957. https://doi.org/10.47467/as.v8i2.12870.

Harahap, M. Yahya. Ruang Lingkup Permasalahan Eksekusi Bidang Perdata. 2nd ed., 8th printing. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2017.

Instruksi Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 1991 tentang Penyebarluasan Kompilasi Hukum Islam.

Irawan, Dody Syahrul, and Miftahus Sholehuddin. “Implementasi Taukil Wali Nasab Berada di Tempat Jauh Perspektif Efektivitas Hukum Soerjono Soekanto.” Sakina: Journal of Family Studies 7, no. 1 (2023): 124–141. https://doi.org/10.18860/jfs.v7i1.3202.

Ikhsan, Edy, Mahmul Siregar, Robert, and Kenny Jesica. Metode Penelitian dan Penulisan Hukum: Buku Ajar di Era Digital. Medan: USU Press, 2025.

Khan, Hanna Ambaras, Nora Abdul Hak, Najibah Mohd Zin, and Roslina Che Soh. “The Challenges in Enforcing Post Divorce Orders of Native Courts in East Malaysia.” IIUM Law Journal 29, no. S1 (2021): 17–35. https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumlj.v29iS1.633.

Marilin, Eka Irwan, Akiruddin Ahmad, and Sahbudi. “Analisis Yuridis Terhadap Eksekusi Putusan Kewajiban Pemberian Nafkah Anak di Bawah Umur Akibat Perceraian Orang Tua (Studi Pengadilan Agama Medan).” Jurnal Ilmiah Penegakan Hukum 12, no. 2 (2025): 245–254. https://doi.org/10.31289/jiph.v12i2.16145.

Maretna, Dewa Cahya, Asmaniar, and Mutiarany. “Perlindungan Hak Nafkah Anak Pasca Perceraian: Analisis Putusan Pengadilan Agama.” Krisna Law: Jurnal Mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum Universitas Krisnadwipayana 8, no. 1 (2026): 49–61. https://doi.org/10.37893/krisnalaw.v8i1.1293.

Mertokusumo, Sudikno. Hukum Acara Perdata Indonesia. 7th ed., 1st printing. Yogyakarta: Liberty Yogyakarta, 2006.

Nasution, A. “Efektivitas Eksekusi Putusan Nafkah Anak.” Family Law Journal (2022).

Orlando, Galih. “Efektivitas Hukum dan Fungsi Hukum di Indonesia.” Tarbiyah bil Qalam: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama dan Sains 6, no. 1 (2022): 49–58. https://doi.org/10.58822/tbq.v6i1.77.

Rahardjo, Satjipto. Ilmu Hukum. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti, 2000.

Rasidi, Sapoan Ali, Novita Listyaningrum, Ni Luh Ariningsih Sari, and Risdiana. “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak yang Tidak Dipenuhi Nafkahnya oleh Seorang Ayah Pasca Perceraian Perspektif Hukum Islam dan Hukum Positif.” Jurnal Hukum Agama Hindu Widya Kerta 7, no. 1 (2024): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.53977/wk.v7i1.1802.

Rifqi, Muhammad Jazil, Fatma Afifah, Lailatus Sa’diyah, and Ahmad Diyaul Muttaqien. “Tinjauan Yuridis Hak Nafkah Anak Pasca Perceraian dalam Perspektif Teori Keadilan (Implementasi Putusan PA Surabaya Nomor 4971/Pdt.G/2024/PA.Sby).” Law and Humanity 3, no. 3 (2025): 187–200. https://doi.org/10.37504/lh.v3i3.769.

Sinambela, Hotman, Mardiman Sane, Panti Silaban, Lamhot Hutahaean, and Muhenri Sihotang. “Efektivitas Eksekusi Putusan Nafkah Terutang Pasca Perceraian dalam Menjamin Hak Ekonomi Anak.” Suloh: Jurnal Fakultas Hukum Universitas Malikussaleh 14, no. 1 (2026): 269–295. https://doi.org/10.29103/sjp.v14i1.26297.

Siregar, R. “Pelaksanaan Kewajiban Nafkah Anak Pasca Perceraian.” Jurnal Gakkum (2021).

Soekanto, Soerjono. Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Penegakan Hukum. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2011.

Subekti. Hukum Acara Perdata. Jakarta: Badan Pembinaan Hukum Nasional, diedarkan oleh Binacipta, 1977.

Sugiyono. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta, 2017.

Sulaiman, Iswandi, Achmad Surya, Putri Aryaningrum, Fahririn, Hartati, Rts. Fanny Inayah, J. A. Y. Wattimena, Arrie Budhiartie, Adithiya Diar, and Aqshal Habibillah Alifri. Perlindungan Hukum di Indonesia. Bandung: Penerbit Widina, 2025.

Suyanto. Metode Penelitian Hukum: Pengantar Penelitian Normatif, Empiris dan Gabungan. Gresik: UNIGRES Press, 2023.

Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan.

Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak.

Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perlindungan Anak.

Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan.

Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak.

Yolanda, Vivi Fitria. “Restorative Justice Tindak Pidana Pencurian Biasa di Kepolisian Kabupaten Sanggau Ditinjau dari Teori Efektivitas Hukum Soerjono Soekanto.” Jurnal Fatwa Hukum 9, no. 1 (2026).

Yustri, Ermida, Edi Erwan, and Zul Ikromi. “Innovation in the Enforcement of Child Support Orders after Divorce in Interfaith Marriages: A Comparative Study of Indonesia and Malaysia.” Islam Transformatif: Journal of Islamic Studies 9, no. 2 (2025): 269–288. https://doi.org/10.30983/islamtransformatif.v9i2.10287.

Downloads

Published

2026-11-05

How to Cite

Implementasi Upaya Eksekusi terhadap Kewajiban Nafkah Anak Pasca Perceraian (Studi Pengadilan Agama Medan). (2026). Verdict: Journal of Law Science, 5(4), 781-796. https://doi.org/10.59011/vjlaws.5.4.2026.781-796

Similar Articles

1-10 of 80

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.