Analisis Pertimbangan Hakim dalam Putusan Onslag van Alle Rechtsvervolging atas Dasar Noodweer Exces (Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor: 125/Pid.B/2025/PN Lbo)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59011/vjlaws.5.3.2026.563-575Keywords:
Death Penalty, Corruption Crime, Human Rights, Corruption Eradication, ConstitutionalityAbstract
Indonesian criminal law adheres to the principle that punishment can only be imposed if the elements of a criminal act and the perpetrator's guilt are met. However, criminal law also recognizes a ground for exemption from punishment in the form of excessive self-defense (noodweer exces) as regulated in Article 49 paragraph (2) of KUHP. In criminal justice practice, noodweer exces is often used as the basis for imposing a verdict of onslag van alle rechtsvervolging. This research focuses on the judges' considerations in issuing the onslag van alle rechtsvervolging verdict based on noodweer exces, with a study on the Limboto District Court Decision Number 125/Pid.B/2025/PN Lbo. The problem formulation in this research is: How is the application of the noodweer exces provision as the basis for the onslag van alle rechtsvervolging decision in the practice of criminal justice in Indonesia? Second, how do judges consider the imposition of Onslag van Alle Rechtsvervolging based on excessive self-defense (Noodweer Exces) in the verdict? The study methodology utilized is normative legal investigation with a legislative, conceptual, and case approach. Legal materials were obtained thru library research and analysis of court decisions, and then qualitatively analyzed. The investigation findings show that the judge in Decision Number 125/Pid.B/2025/PN Lbo considered the existence of an unlawful attack, excessive self-defense, and severe emotional distress as a direct consequence of the attack. These considerations form the basis for the exoneration of the defendant, so that even tho the act was proven legally and convincingly, the defendant cannot be punished and is given a verdict of onslag van alle rechtsvervolging. Therefore, the decision reflects the application of noodweer exces as a mitigating reason in Indonesian criminal law.
References
Adlini, M. N., et al. “Metode Penelitian Kualitatif Studi Pustaka.” Edumaspul: Jurnal Pendidikan 6, no. 1 (2022): 974–980. https://doi.org/10.33487/edumaspul.v6i1.3394.
Ambarita, Nela, Sonya Airini Batubara, Wilson Wijaya, Belman Hasibuan, dan Fitriani. “Visum Dalam Pembuktian Tindak Pidana Pencabulan Anak: Studi Putusan No. 1300/Pid.Sus/2021/PN.Lbp.” Legalite: Jurnal Perundang-Undangan dan Hukum Pidana Islam 9, no. 1 (2024): 41–52.
Asshiddiqie, Jimly. Perihal Undang-Undang. Ed. 1, Cet. 5. Depok: Rajawali Pers, 2020.
Batubara, Sonya Arini, Andro Giovani Ginting, and Vici Utomo Simatupang. “Restorative Justice sebagai Mekanisme Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga.” Jurnal Rectum: Tinjauan Yuridis Penanganan Tindak Pidana 1, no. 2 (2019): 180–187. https://doi.org/10.46930/jurnalrectum.v1i2.225.
Benuf, Kornelius, and Muhamad Azhar. “Metodologi Penelitian Hukum sebagai Instrumen Mengurai Permasalahan Hukum Kontemporer.” Gema Keadilan 7, no. 1 (2020): 20–33. https://doi.org/10.14710/gk.2020.7504.
Chaniago, Nurul Syach Fitri, Marolop Butar-Butar, Zico Ricardo Aritonang, Andos Rewindo Sirait, and Agus Armaini Ry. “Analisa Hukum Tindak Pidana Pencabulan Terhadap Anak di Bawah Umur (Studi Kasus Perkara No: 221/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Medan).” Ilmu Hukum Prima (IHP) 6, no. 1 (2023): 36–45. https://doi.org/10.34012/jihp.v6i1.3532.
Dumgair, Wenlly. “Pembelaan Terpaksa (Noodweer) dan Pembelaan Terpaksa yang Melampaui Batas (Noodweer Exces) sebagai Alasan Penghapus Pidana.” Lex Crimen 5, no. 5 (2016): 61–68.
Hage, Jaap. “The Method of a Truly Normative Legal Science.” In Methodologies of Legal Research, edited by Mark Van Hoecke, 19–44. Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781472560896.ch-002.
Hamzah, Andi. Hukum Acara Pidana Indonesia. 2nd ed., 13th printing. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2019.
Harahap, M. Yahya. Pembahasan Permasalahan dan Penerapan KUHAP: Pemeriksaan Sidang Pengadilan, Banding, Kasasi, dan Peninjauan Kembali. 2nd ed., 17th printing. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2022.
Isnantiana, Nur Iftitah. “Legal Reasoning Hakim dalam Pengambilan Putusan Perkara di Pengadilan.” Islamadina: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam 18, no. 2 (2017). https://doi.org/10.30595/islamadina.v18i2.1920.
Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana. Pasal 49 ayat (2).
Lamintang, P. A. F., and Franciscus Theojunior Lamintang. Dasar-Dasar Hukum Pidana di Indonesia. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2022.
Lengkong, Lonna Yohanes, Tomson Situmeang, and Christine Nataniar Sianipar. “Kontekstualisasi Konsep Pembelaan Terpaksa (Noodweer Exces) dalam Tindak Pidana Penganiayaan.” Honeste Vivere 35, no. 1 (2025): 25–34. https://doi.org/10.55809/hv.v35i1.386.
Leonard, Tommy. Teori Hukum dan Implementasi Putusan Hakim dalam Perkara Pidana. Jakarta: Kencana, 2024.
Moeljatno. Asas-Asas Hukum Pidana. Edisi Revisi. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2021.
Mulyadi, Lilik. Bunga Rampai Hukum Pidana: Perspektif, Teoretis dan Praktik. Bandung: Penerbit Alumni, 2023.
Nurhafifah, and Rahmiati. “Pertimbangan Hakim dalam Penjatuhan Pidana Terkait Hal yang Memberatkan dan Meringankan Putusan.” Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 17, no. 2 (2015): 341–362.
Pakpahan, Kartina, Herman Brahmana, Sigar P. Berutu, Rodiatun Adawiyah, Elvira Fitriyani Pakpahan, Makmur Pakpahan, Dahlan Sinaga, and Emir Syarif Fatahillah Pakpahan. Buku Praktek Peradilan. Medan: UNPRI Press, 2024.
Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Limboto Nomor 125/Pid.B/2025/PN Lbo.
Refin, Fergio Rizkya, and Salman Daffa’ Nur Azizi. “Dasar Hukum Pembelaan Terpaksa (Noodweer) dan Pembelaan Terpaksa Melampaui Batas (Noodweer Exces).” Jurnal Fundamental Justice 4, no. 2 (2023): 141–156. https://doi.org/10.30812/fundamental.v4i2.3277.
Sanjaya, I Gede Windu Merta, I Nyoman Gede Sugiartha, and I Made Minggu Widyantara. “Pembelaan Terpaksa Melampaui Batas (Noodweer Exces) dalam Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan Begal sebagai Upaya Perlindungan Diri.” Jurnal Konstruksi Hukum 3, no. 2 (2022): 406–413. https://doi.org/10.22225/jkh.3.2.4847.406-413.
Situmeang, Parlin Dian Roma Saldo, and Mazmur Septian Rumapea. “Tinjauan Yuridis Mengenai Pemberian Restitusi Terhadap Korban pada Tindak Pidana Pelecehan Seksual Menurut UU No. 1 Tahun 2023 tentang KUHP.” At-Tasyrih: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Hukum Islam 12, no. 1 (2026): 207–217.
Soesilo, R. Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) serta Komentar-Komentarnya Lengkap Pasal demi Pasal. Bogor: Politeia, 2013.
Stephanie, and Anton Diary Steward Surbakti. “Analisis Yuridis Pencegahan dan Penanganan Kekerasan Seksual di Lingkungan Universitas Prima Indonesia (Pasca Pemberlakuan Permendikbud Nomor 30 Tahun 2021).” UNES Law Review 6, no. 4 (2024): 11702–11716. https://doi.org/10.31933/unesrev.v6i4.2176.
Tsabitah, Balqis, Muhammad Ariiq Eka Putra Razka, Muhammad Farhan Julianto, and Najwa Rosyidah. “Juridical Review of Excessive Force Defense (Noodweer Exces) in the Crime of Murder.” Journal Social Sciences and Humanioran Review 1, no. 5 (2025): 233–242. https://doi.org/10.64578/jsshr.v1i05.143.
Tumpa, Harifin A. “Penerapan Konsep Rechtsvinding dan Rechtsschepping oleh Hakim dalam Memutus Suatu Perkara.” Hasanuddin Law Review 1, no. 2 (2015): 126–138. https://doi.org/10.20956/halrev.v1i2.90.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Tolhas J. F. Simanjuntak, Sonya Airini Batubara, Inez Lazuardi Karo Karo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
